WEBVTT

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Can the UK take the lead
in renewable energy?

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One region in the northeast
thinks it has the answer.

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I'm at the Port of
Blyth in Northumberland.

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This used to be the heart
of British coal country.

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But today it's home to some of
the biggest and most exciting

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green energy projects in the UK.

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Pioneering advances
in wind power,

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a £2bn link to
Norwegian renewables,

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and the proposed site of a
gigafactory for electric car

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batteries, all within
the space of a few miles.

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The government is
hoping projects

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like these can paint the
country in a green light ahead

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of the COP26 Climate Change
Conference in November,

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while at the same time boosting
its levelling-up agenda

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to bring jobs and
prosperity outside London.

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The offshore renewable energy
catapult right at the centre

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of the port has come to
symbolise these twin goals.

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Boris Johnson himself paid a
visit to its wind blade testing

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facility in December last year.

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Today, it's my turn
to take a look around.

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Hi, Tony.

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Hi, Leslie.

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And welcome to the world's
largest blade test facility.

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Let's go see it.

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OK.

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Let's go.

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Opened in 2012,
this giant complex

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has tested some of the world's
longest wind turbine blades,

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some measuring more
than 100 metres long.

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So Tony, tell me what's
happening here in this space.

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What is going on here?

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We call it accelerated
life testing.

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So this blade is designed
for a 25-year life,

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and we compress that into
six months of testing.

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There are two types
of tests we do;

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a static test, just
to pull it, rather

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like you bending a ruler
when you're at school

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and making sure that it can
withstand that design strength.

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And the other one is a fatigue
test, where you bend it

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as you bend a paper
clip back and forwards,

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and eventually it would snap.

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This turbine, when this
blade's at 12 o'clock,

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it's almost equivalent in
height to the Eiffel Tower.

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Nowhere else in the world
is capable of applying loads

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at that scale.

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One rotation of
these giant blades

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generates enough electricity to
power a UK home for 24 hours.

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The fact they are
based on a new design

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is also good for local jobs.

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This blade in particular
is destined for Dogger Bank

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offshore wind farm.

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Within probably one month
of us completing the test

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the owners secured the major
contract to supply this blade.

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And on the back of
that they committed

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to building a
factory at Teesside,

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creating 2,000 direct
and indirect jobs.

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Beyond testing, this
government-backed centre also

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provides support for
research and innovation.

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So far, it's helped
over 800 companies

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develop new wind and
marine energy technologies.

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And it's just part of the
broader transformation

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under way at the Port of Blyth.

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I believe in the 1960s
the Port of Blyth exported

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6m tonnes of coal to Europe.

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Things have moved on.

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We're ideally
situated because we've

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got the road and rail
infrastructure as well

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as the port facilities.

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It's almost like a perfect
storm that the Blyth Valley

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is set just to move forward
and flagship, hopefully,

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the UK in green energy.

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The port still handles around
2m tonnes of cargo every year,

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but not coal.

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And today it's better
known as a support

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base for offshore energy
projects in the North Sea.

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I'm taking to the
water to find out why.

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So can you tell us about all
of the different facilities

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and services that are
offered here at the port?

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Why has Blyth become such
a centre for green energy

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in particular?

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So a combination
of things, really.

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We have the expertise
of the port itself.

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We have a huge supply
chain that plugs in

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at every possible angle, from
manufacturing to fabrication

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to painters, welders,
scaffolding companies.

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So when a company has a project
that they're working on,

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they're able to get everything
that they need on site.

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This ready-made supply
chain has already

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helped the port
secure investment

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to expand their
services, including

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training facilities
for the next generation

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of offshore engineers.

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Now they're looking to
expand even further,

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converting the site
of a former coal mine

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to make room for
low-carbon businesses.

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It's the state's
clean energy terminal.

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The name comes from the pit
that was originally on the site.

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And the great thing about
that opportunity is this shift

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from coal into renewables is
happening in front of our eyes.

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Businesses will be attracted
by solar power, electric plant

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and machinery running
on site and a tie-in

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with this offshore
renewable energy

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catapult to look at all
sorts of technologies

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to help to decarbonise
the nation.

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Just across the river
from the Bates terminal,

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Camois is home to another symbol
of Northumberland's fossil fuel

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past.

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Built in the 1950s,
Blyth Power Station

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burned coal for
almost half a century

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before it was
decommissioned in the '90s

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and eventually
demolished in 2003.

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Largely neglected
since then, the site

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still has an active connection
to the UK's electricity grid.

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And new energy enterprises
have started to move in.

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That's just a great
expanse of land

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which has still got
the infrastructure that

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connects directly into
the national grid.

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So as far as electricity
production is concerned

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you've got a ready-made socket.

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Basically you just need
to put the plugs in.

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Anywhere else, you would have
to develop a new network.

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The North Sea Link
will go live this year,

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bringing in enough electricity
to power nearly 1.5m UK homes.

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But that electricity isn't
being generated in Camois.

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It's coming from another country
entirely, more than 400 miles

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across the North Sea.

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I'm told the roof is the best
place to get a sense of how

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that power gets here.

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Welcome to the roof of
the converter station.

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You've got a fantastic
view across the port,

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the station, the substation.

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You can see it all from up here.

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Amazing.

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So tell me about
the North Sea Link.

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What is it, and
what is it doing?

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So the North Sea Link is a
huge underwater electricity

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cable between the Port of Blyth,
where we are today, and Norway.

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And it allows us to move
renewable energy between Norway

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and the UK.

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So on a day like today,
where the sun's shining

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and the wind's blowing, we
can potentially export energy.

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And when we don't have a
surplus of renewables in the UK,

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we can bring in hydro power
that's produced in Norway.

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The North Sea Link is the
longest interconnector

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in the world, and it took six
years and cost nearly £2bn

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to build.

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So Norway may seem like an
unlikely energy partner,

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but given the type
of renewable energy

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each country produce
they're an ideal match.

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Norway has a real abundance
of natural renewable

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energy from hydropower.

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And it's a more stable
renewable than some others.

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So that makes it a
fantastic exporter of power

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and helps each country
manage the intermittency

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of renewable energy.

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When bad weather drives down
renewable energy production

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the shortfall is normally filled
by fossil fuel power plants.

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By providing an alternative
source of clean electricity,

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the North Sea Link estimates
it will save 23m tonnes of CO2

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emissions by 2030.

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But once the cable gets here it
isn't as simple as plugging it

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into the mains.

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The site at Camois covers half
a million square feet with

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state-of-the-art technology.

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It's all here to
convert one form

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of electricity, direct
current, to another,

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alternating current.

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Hi Nigel.

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Hi, Leslie.

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Welcome to Blyth Converter Site.

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Let's go and have a look.

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Thank you.

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This is the Valve Hall.

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There's four of these on site.

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And this is where
the magic happens.

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This is where
electricity from Norway

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is converted to a form which
we can use in our houses

00:08:27.810 --> 00:08:28.990 align:middle line:90%
in the UK.

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So what are the steps in
this conversion process?

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Inside of here, we have
thousands of small valves,

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and they switch on and
off 50 times a second.

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And that recreates the
waveform and converts it

00:08:41.610 --> 00:08:43.799 align:middle line:90%
to alternating current.

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The Valve Hall is just a small
part of the operation here.

00:08:47.230 --> 00:08:49.980 align:middle line:84%
But despite the acres
of pristine machinery

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it will take only a
few onsite workers

00:08:52.230 --> 00:08:54.780 align:middle line:84%
to keep this facility
ticking over.

00:08:54.780 --> 00:08:56.400 align:middle line:84%
So while the
converter station may

00:08:56.400 --> 00:08:58.620 align:middle line:84%
have replaced coal for
the region's energy

00:08:58.620 --> 00:09:02.310 align:middle line:84%
needs it has not been able to
replace the thousands of jobs

00:09:02.310 --> 00:09:05.100 align:middle line:84%
the coal industry
brought to this area.

00:09:05.100 --> 00:09:07.590 align:middle line:84%
Since the pits
closed, these areas,

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the coalfield communities
have suffered greatly

00:09:10.920 --> 00:09:12.930 align:middle line:90%
because of unemployment.

00:09:12.930 --> 00:09:16.320 align:middle line:84%
The question is,
can green jobs ever

00:09:16.320 --> 00:09:18.120 align:middle line:84%
replace what we
had with the coal

00:09:18.120 --> 00:09:19.590 align:middle line:90%
industry in areas like this?

00:09:19.590 --> 00:09:22.740 align:middle line:90%
And the answer is that it can.

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It'll take an
awful lot of doing,

00:09:26.820 --> 00:09:29.700 align:middle line:84%
an awful lot of investment
from the government.

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But why should areas like
this not receive the required

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investment?

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It's no good having this green
industrial revolution here

00:09:38.010 --> 00:09:40.110 align:middle line:84%
if it doesn't mean
that we're going

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to change the lives of the
people in these communities.

00:09:43.590 --> 00:09:46.350 align:middle line:84%
The land next door to the North
Sea Link converter station

00:09:46.350 --> 00:09:49.710 align:middle line:84%
has been bought by
Britishvolt, a start-up looking

00:09:49.710 --> 00:09:52.260 align:middle line:84%
to build and operate
a gigafactory in what

00:09:52.260 --> 00:09:55.770 align:middle line:84%
used to be Blyth Power
Station's coal yard.

00:09:55.770 --> 00:09:58.710 align:middle line:84%
The company hasn't yet
secured funding for the plant

00:09:58.710 --> 00:10:00.780 align:middle line:84%
but they have big
ideas for the site

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and for the local community.

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The factory will be
here in front of us,

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covering all of that 3.4m
sq ft with mezzanines when

00:10:09.150 --> 00:10:12.480 align:middle line:84%
it's built. It will be the
fourth largest building

00:10:12.480 --> 00:10:13.950 align:middle line:90%
in Britain.

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If it comes to fruition,
what would this project

00:10:16.740 --> 00:10:19.170 align:middle line:84%
mean for this
local area in terms

00:10:19.170 --> 00:10:23.190 align:middle line:90%
of jobs and the local economy?

00:10:23.190 --> 00:10:24.750 align:middle line:84%
Well, the factory
is in three phases,

00:10:24.750 --> 00:10:26.790 align:middle line:84%
and we think 1,000
jobs per phase

00:10:26.790 --> 00:10:29.400 align:middle line:84%
directly with
Britishvolt employment.

00:10:29.400 --> 00:10:31.352 align:middle line:84%
But we want to do a
lot more than that.

00:10:31.352 --> 00:10:33.810 align:middle line:84%
We would hope by the time we're
finished here we don't only

00:10:33.810 --> 00:10:36.210 align:middle line:84%
have the factory
with 3,000 jobs,

00:10:36.210 --> 00:10:38.940 align:middle line:84%
but we think another 5,000
potentially in supply chain

00:10:38.940 --> 00:10:39.880 align:middle line:90%
as well.

00:10:39.880 --> 00:10:41.460 align:middle line:90%
That's the ambition.

00:10:41.460 --> 00:10:44.550 align:middle line:84%
Once built, the factory would
have plenty of local renewable

00:10:44.550 --> 00:10:48.420 align:middle line:84%
energy to draw on in its effort
to make zero carbon batteries.

00:10:48.420 --> 00:10:52.290 align:middle line:84%
But Britishvolt is still a long
way from achieving that goal.

00:10:52.290 --> 00:10:53.790 align:middle line:84%
How much more
money will you need

00:10:53.790 --> 00:10:55.590 align:middle line:84%
to build a project
at this scale?

00:10:55.590 --> 00:10:57.060 align:middle line:90%
It's an expensive project.

00:10:57.060 --> 00:11:00.630 align:middle line:84%
We're looking at $2.6bn
as an order of cost.

00:11:00.630 --> 00:11:03.690 align:middle line:84%
We've been through already our
initial funding rounds, our A

00:11:03.690 --> 00:11:06.360 align:middle line:84%
round, our B series, E
is open at the moment.

00:11:06.360 --> 00:11:08.640 align:middle line:84%
We've also made an application
to the UK government

00:11:08.640 --> 00:11:11.050 align:middle line:84%
for the automotive
transformation fund.

00:11:11.050 --> 00:11:13.480 align:middle line:84%
We're hoping that will
come through soon.

00:11:13.480 --> 00:11:15.510 align:middle line:84%
That's what that fund
was set up to do.

00:11:15.510 --> 00:11:16.900 align:middle line:90%
That's what we've applied for.

00:11:16.900 --> 00:11:17.400 align:middle line:90%
Yeah.

00:11:17.400 --> 00:11:18.780 align:middle line:90%
That's what we need.

00:11:18.780 --> 00:11:21.870 align:middle line:84%
There are still big hurdles to
clear before this factory can

00:11:21.870 --> 00:11:23.410 align:middle line:90%
become a reality.

00:11:23.410 --> 00:11:25.740 align:middle line:84%
But this site and the
wider region around it

00:11:25.740 --> 00:11:28.800 align:middle line:84%
prove there's an appetite for
a British green industrial

00:11:28.800 --> 00:11:29.940 align:middle line:90%
revolution.

00:11:29.940 --> 00:11:31.950 align:middle line:84%
Whether that happens,
and whether areas

00:11:31.950 --> 00:11:34.020 align:middle line:84%
like Blyth and
Camois benefit will

00:11:34.020 --> 00:11:36.090 align:middle line:84%
depend on how the
government balances

00:11:36.090 --> 00:11:40.340 align:middle line:84%
its push for clean energy
with its levelling-up agenda.